Diuretics are non-habit-forming medications that stimulate the kidneys to produce more urine, flushing excess fluids and minerals (e.g., sodium) from the body. They may be used to treat a variety of conditions, including high blood pressure (hypertension), heart failure or kidney disease.

There are four general types of diuretics: loop, osmotic, potassium-sparing and thiazide (or thiazide-like). None of these is recommended for pregnant women, and only potassium-sparing diuretics appear to be safe during breast-feeding.

Anyone taking diuretics is encouraged to use sunscreen, avoid tanning booths and drink plenty of water when out in the sun. Furthermore, some patients may be encouraged by their physician to increase the amount of potassium in their diet and may be placed on potassium pills. Foods rich in potassium include bananas, salmon, melons, almonds, potatoes and spinach. Grapefruit juice is also high in potassium but is not recommended for people who are taking diuretics.